What type of cells trigger aversion reflexes in response to intense light on the retina?

The choice indicating "neuron ganglia" refers specifically to the ganglion cells in the retina, which play a crucial role in transmitting visual information from the photoreceptors to the brain. When intense light hits the retina, these ganglion cells can indeed be activated and contribute to the sensory processing that leads to reflexive responses, such as aversion to bright light, which helps protect the eyes from potential damage.

Photoreceptors, on the other hand, are primarily responsible for sensing light and converting it into electrical signals but do not directly trigger reflex actions. The retinal pigment epithelium supports photoreceptors and helps them function optimally but is not involved in reflex processing. Bipolar cells serve as intermediaries transmitting signals between photoreceptors and ganglion cells, but they do not initiate the aversion reflex themselves. Therefore, the ganglion cells, as part of the neural network responding to stimuli, effectively mediate the reflexive response to intense light exposure.